Spider is the general name given to the species of spiders of the arthropod branch's arachnids class. Spiders live almost all over the world. According to 2012 figures, 43,244 spider species are known, collected in 112 families and 3879 genera. Head and thorax fused. The abdomen is connected to the chest by a thin waist. The core of another creature of the same size is not that thin. The digestive tract, blood vessels, trachea, and nervous system pass through it. Spiders vary in size from a few cm to 35 cm. Spiders have two venom hooks and two sense feet in front of their mouths. If spiders have chests, they have four well-developed pairs of walking legs. The ends end with two toothed hooks like a comb. Thanks to these, the spider wanders easily on the web. Some spiders can walk forward, backward, and sideways. Most of them have 3 or 4 pairs of simple eyes on the head. The arrangement of the eyes is an important feature in classification. The rounded abdomen is soft and flexible, with breathing holes, silk glands in the lower part.

Spiders have adapted to many world ecosystems, thus becoming a group living in very different ecosystems. It is possible to encounter spiders in various habitats, from Everest hills to deep pits of canyons, streams, or lakes. All spiders are carnivores. While some roam free and hunt, others live dependent on the web they have spun.

Spiders are predators. They do not hesitate to attack each other. The prey of spiders is very diverse. Most are considered beneficial as they feed on insects. Some tropical spider species prey on vertebrates such as reptiles, small birds, and mammals. Not all spiders build trap webs to catch their prey. Some spiders catch their prey by chasing or jumping on them. Some spiders hunt insects, frogs, and fish in the water. It paralyzes the prey it catches with the poison secretion that opens into its claws. Then, by biting it, it pours saliva containing dissolving enzymes into the internal organs of its prey. In a short time, the internal organs of the prey melt into liquid. The spider absorbs this liquid by using its sucking stomach like a pump. The prey soon turns into a hollow shell. The spider either leaves this empty shell where it is or throws it somewhere else. Insects and small birds are among these prey.

Spiders living in South America are 10 cm long, excluding their legs, and some species that live in underground lairs are strong enough to evacuate rabbits and chickens. Spiders have to feed like this because their esophagus is very narrow. Also, the mouthparts are not strong enough to tear apart a fly.

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